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Experimental research tool. Not medical, career, or professional advice. No warranty. See methodology.

Radiation Oncology

Curative and palliative radiation therapy for cancer.

What this specialty is

Radiation oncologists prescribe and supervise radiation therapy, working closely with medical oncology, surgical oncology, and pathology. Clinic-heavy work with longitudinal cancer patient relationships. Highly technical: contouring, dosimetry, treatment planning. Among the smallest specialties by trainee count.

Lifestyle & practice

Hours 45 to 55, predictable, minimal call. Compensation $400k to $550k. Job market has been tight for several years with consolidation pressures and APM payment changes.

Common fellowship paths

Pediatric Radiation OncologyBrachytherapyStereotactic Radiosurgery (SRS / SBRT)Proton Therapy
Quick facts
Residency length
5 years (1 prelim + 4)
Median comp
$450k to $550k
Job market
Tight; compete carefully on geography
Resources to learn more

High-signal external links curated for residents and applicants.

Market· 2026 cycle (NRMP Match Results)

Positions

203

All applicants

201

Seats / app

1.01

Per-pool matched-applicant means· 2024 cycle

From NRMP Charting Outcomes 2024 (most recent biennial publication). Source PDFs: MD Seniors / DO Seniors / IMG. NRMP publishes Charting Outcomes every other year, so this should refresh in early 2026 with the 2025 cycle data.

PoolStep 1Step 2PubsResearchAOA %n
MD_seniors23825215.94.215.5103
DO_seniors
US_IMG24424624.23.30
Non_US_IMG22222311.83.80
Charting Outcomes match rates over time· 20182024 cycles

Per-applicant-type match rates and mean Step scores published by NRMP every two years. Each row is one applicant pool in one cycle. Step scores reflect what matched applicants in that cycle achieved, not what programs require today.

YearTypeMatch rateMatched (n)Step 1Step 2
2024MD_Senior97.2%103252
2024IMG58.6%17246
2022MD_Senior97.6%81240249
2022IMG60.0%12228240
2020MD_Senior99.1%112243250
2018MD_Senior93.8%165247253
Applicant pool mixture
PoolShare
MD_seniors71.4%
DO_seniors7.9%
US_IMG4.3%
Non_US_IMG16.4%